Volume: 13 Issue: 2
Year: 2025, Page: 92-99, Doi: https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1302.25.UP
Received: Dec. 1, 2025 Accepted: Feb. 18, 2025 Published: July 28, 2025
Background: Epistaxis is one of the most common otolaryngology emergencies. Accurate identification of the bleeding point is the key to efficient epistaxis management and reduces the need for more complex procedures, which can prolong hospital stays, increase patient morbidity, and place demands on hospital resources. Methods: A prospective observational study was done on 56 adult patients presenting with recurrent epistaxis from Feb 2021 to March 2023. They were evaluated through the use of an endoscope for the identification of bleeding points in the nasal cavity. Once the bleeding point was identified cauterised under local anesthesia. Then the patients were followed for 6 months to one year for any recurrence. The bleeding pattern in rare conditions like vicarious menstruation, and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is also mentioned. Results: Bleeding points in patients of 40 years and above were observed twice that of patients below 40 years in the posterosuperior quadrants of either septum or lateral wall. Comorbid conditions increase the prevalence of epistaxis from the septum 10 times whereas from the lateral wall 9 times (PR=9 to 10 times). Conclusion: As age advances, the posterosuperior quadrant of the septum and lateral wall should be examined for the search bleeding point. The anatomy of covert areas bleeding sites from the nasal cavity was well described e.g. 'S' point, middle meatus, inferior meatus. Rare presentation of epistaxis in vicarious menstruation and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia was also described. Eletrothermocautery under local anesthesia is a simple, economical, successful and uncomplicated treatment method for posterior epistaxis.
Keywords: Nasal cavity, Nasal septum, Telangiectasia, Turbinates
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©2025 (Uma Pokala) et al. This is an open-access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are credited.
Pokala U, Ramakrishna TB, Pokala N. A Study on Posterior Epistaxis under Endoscopic Guidance. Perspectives in Medical Research.
2025;13(2):92-99 DOI: 10.47799/pimr.1302.25.UP